Cable Gland Main Types Explained: Structure, Material, IP & Thread

Cable Gland Main Types Explained: Structure, Material, IP & Thread

كملحق أساسي لتوصيل الكابلات والمعدات، فإن غدة الكابل تلعب دورًا حيويًا في حماية الكابلات ومنع دخول الماء والغبار وتوفير التأريض. سواءً في الأتمتة الصناعية أو التحكم الكهربائي أو البحرية أو التعدين أو غيرها من البيئات الصعبة، فإن اختيار غدة الكابلات المناسبة أمر ضروري. اليوم، دعنا نلقي نظرة فاحصة على الأنواع الرئيسية لغدد الكابلات وميزاتها وكيفية اختيار أفضلها لتلبية احتياجاتك.


ما هي غدة الكابل؟

ببساطة، غدة الكابل هي تركيبات يتم تركيبها عند نقطة دخول الكابل في المعدات. تقوم بتأمين الكابل، وتمنع السحب العرضي، وتوفر العزل ضد الماء والغبار. كما أنها توفر التأريض والحماية، مما يضمن توصيلات كهربائية آمنة ومستقرة.

تشمل الوظائف الرئيسية ما يلي:

  • تأمين الكابلات ومنع الانسحاب أو الكسر العرضي
  • إبعاد الغبار والرطوبة عن المعدات
  • توفير تأريض كهربائي وتدريع لتقليل التداخل الكهرومغناطيسي
  • حماية أغلفة الكابلات وإطالة عمر الكابلات

تُستخدم غدد الكابلات على نطاق واسع في الآلات، والأتمتة الصناعية، والنقل البحري، والنقل بالسكك الحديدية، والتعدين، والعديد من المجالات الأخرى. وهي لا غنى عنها في أي نظام كهربائي.

Brass Cable Gland 2

الأنواع الرئيسية لغدة الكابلات

Cable glands come in many varieties. They can be classified by structure, material, protection level and thread standard. Here’s a detailed overview of each dimension, with the specifications and indicative FOB prices that decide most B2B orders:

1. حسب الهيكل

The five structural families below are compared on the three factors that decide most B2B orders: specification, application and price.

النوعSpecification (threads & cable range)التطبيق النموذجيIndicative FOB Price
غدة الكابل القياسيةPG7–PG48, M12–M63, NPT 1/4″–2″; cable OD 3–44 mm; nylon PA66 or nickel-plated brass; IP68 (IP66 option)Control cabinets, junction boxes, indoor panels, light-duty outdoorUS$0.08–1.20 / pc
غدة كابل للخدمة الشاقةPG9–PG63, M16–M63; cable OD 6–52 mm; nickel-plated brass or stainless steel 304/316; IP66–IP68; thicker body, longer threadMachinery, washdown areas, high-vibration equipment, outdoor enclosuresUS$0.60–4.80 / pc
غدة الكابلات المقاومة للانفجارM20×1.5, M25, PG13.5–PG29; cable OD 6–32 mm; brass or stainless steel 316; IP66/IP68; ATEX / IECEx Ex e & Ex dZone 1 and Zone 2, oil & gas, chemical plants, refineries, miningUS$2.50–14.00 / pc
غدة كابل EMCM12–M63, PG7–PG48; cable OD 3–38 mm; nickel-plated brass with 360° contact spring; IP68VFD motor cables, drives, instrumentation, data centres, telecom cabinetsUS$0.90–6.50 / pc
Armoured Cable Gland (SWA / STA)M20–M63, PG13.5–PG48; cable OD 10–52 mm; brass or stainless steel with armour clamp and earth tag; IP66/IP68Buried and tray-run armoured feeders, process plants, rail, mining, petrochemicalUS$1.20–7.50 / pc

Price basis: indicative FOB Ningbo / Shanghai unit prices for nickel-plated brass, 1,000 pcs per size, standard export packing. Stainless steel, Ex-certified, custom-thread and private-label versions are quoted separately — see the sourcing section below.

غدة الكابل القياسية

Body material nylon PA66 (UV-stabilised) or nickel-plated brass; threads PG7–PG48, M12–M63 or NPT; cable OD 3–44 mm; IP68, with IP66 available on request. The general-purpose choice for non-armoured plastic or rubber-sheathed cable, and the highest-volume item in most OEM programmes.

Application: control cabinets, junction boxes, indoor panels, light-duty outdoor equipment.
Indicative price: US$0.08–1.20 per pc, FOB, 1,000 pcs per size.

Standard nickel plated brass cable glands
Standard nickel-plated brass cable glands — PG, metric and NPT thread, IP68.

غدة كابل للخدمة الشاقة

The same sealing principle as a standard gland, but with a thicker body wall, a longer thread and a larger sealing nut; threads PG9–PG63 or M16–M63; cable OD 6–52 mm; nickel-plated brass or stainless steel 304/316; IP66–IP68. Specified wherever vibration, washdown or mechanical impact would fatigue a light-duty gland.

Application: machinery, food and beverage washdown, high-vibration equipment, outdoor enclosures.
Indicative price: US$0.60–4.80 per pc, FOB, 1,000 pcs per size.

Heavy duty stainless steel cable gland PG16
Heavy duty stainless steel cable gland PG16 — thicker body wall and extended thread.

غدة الكابلات المقاومة للانفجار

Flameproof or increased-safety construction with a controlled flame path and a certified sealing arrangement; M20×1.5, M25, PG13.5–PG29; cable OD 6–32 mm; brass or stainless steel 316; IP66/IP68; supplied with ATEX / IECEx Ex e or Ex d certification. On site it is the certificate, not the thread size, that the inspector asks to see.

Application: Zone 1 and Zone 2, oil and gas, chemical plants, refineries, mining.
Indicative price: US$2.50–14.00 per pc, FOB, 300 pcs per size.

Explosion proof stainless steel cable gland PG42
Explosion-proof stainless steel cable gland PG42 for hazardous areas.

غدة كابل EMC

Nickel-plated brass body with a 360° contact spring or grounding insert that bonds the cable screen to the enclosure; M12–M63 or PG7–PG48; cable OD 3–38 mm; IP68. Low transfer impedance is the whole point: the screen has to be terminated at both ends, or the gland is only doing half its job.

Application: VFD motor cables, drives, instrumentation, data centre and telecom cabinets.
Indicative price: US$0.90–6.50 per pc, FOB, 1,000 pcs per size.

EMC shielded brass cable glands for screened cable
EMC / shielded brass cable glands for screened cable termination.

Armoured Cable Gland (SWA / STA)

Includes an armour clamping ring and an earth tag so the steel wire or tape armour is mechanically anchored and electrically bonded; M20–M63 or PG13.5–PG48; cable OD 10–52 mm; brass or stainless steel; IP66/IP68. These are sized on the armour wire count and diameter, not on the cable OD alone — send the cable datasheet when you request a quotation.

Application: buried and tray-run armoured feeders, process plants, rail, mining, petrochemical.
Indicative price: US$1.20–7.50 per pc, FOB, 1,000 pcs per size.

Brass armoured cable glands installed on a feeder run
Brass armoured cable glands installed on a feeder run — armour clamp and earth tag.

Single vs Double Compression — and Other Structural Options

Alongside the five families above, gland bodies are also described by how many sealing stages they use and what the cable entry is made of. The distinction matters when you write the specification, because a single-compression gland is a different part from a double-compression gland at the same thread size, and the two are not interchangeable on the same cable.

  • Single compression
    One compression ring grips and seals the cable in a single action. Simple, fast to install, and the right choice for indoor control panels, junction boxes and general machinery.
  • Double compression
    Seals on both the inner and the outer layer of the cable, so the barrier holds even when the cable is flexed or pulled. Specified for factories, power plants and other high-sealing installations.
  • Flexible hose / spiral entry
    The cable enters through a flexible hose instead of a rigid body, absorbing vibration and mechanical stress in high-temperature or moving machinery.
  • PVC
    An economical body for instrument and control cables in light-duty indoor environments where corrosion and UV exposure are not a factor.

2. حسب المادة

  • غدة الكابل المعدني: تشمل المواد الشائعة النحاس الأصفر والفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ والألومنيوم. توفر هذه المواد مقاومة للتآكل ودرجات الحرارة العالية، وهي مثالية للاستخدام الخارجي والصناعي.
  • غدة كابل بلاستيكية: عادةً ما تكون مصنوعة من النايلون وخفيفة الوزن وفعالة من حيث التكلفة، ومناسبة للكابلات الخفيفة والاستخدامات الداخلية.
  • مواد خاصة: مثل PVDFتوفر مقاومة فائقة للتآكل في البيئات الكيميائية.

The specification differences matter more than the label, so here is the same comparison across materials:

الموادنطاق درجة الحرارةCorrosion & UVCommon threadsBest forIndicative FOB price
Nylon PA66 (UV-stabilised)−40 to +100 °CGood UV resistance; limited resistance to solvents and aromaticsPG7–PG48, M12–M63Indoor and light-duty outdoor, price-sensitive OEM programmesUS$0.05–0.35 / pc
نحاس مطلي بالنيكل−40 to +120 °CVery good; resists washdown chemicals and saline airPG7–PG63, M12–M63Industrial, oil & gas, general outdoor, armoured feedersUS$0.30–4.00 / pc
Stainless steel 304−40 to +200 °CExcellent; pitting risk in chloride-rich environmentsPG7–PG63, M16–M63Food and pharma washdown, general marineUS$1.80–12.00 / pc
Stainless steel 316L−40 to +200 °CBest; resists chlorides and most acidsPG7–PG63, M16–M63Offshore, chemical, coastal and subsea-adjacentUS$2.60–16.00 / pc
PVDF−40 to +150 °COutstanding chemical resistance; lower mechanical strengthPG7–PG29, M12–M40Aggressive chemical plants, chlorine and acid dutyQuoted on request
Stainless steel cable glands 304 and 316L
Stainless steel cable glands (304 / 316L) — for washdown, marine and offshore duty.
Nylon PA66 cable glands with sealing inserts
Nylon PA66 cable glands with sealing inserts — the cost-effective indoor and OEM option.

3. بواسطة مستوى حماية IP

  • غدة كابل مقاومة للماء: مع مانع تسرب المياه IP68، يمنع دخول المياه.
  • غلاف الكابل المقاوم للغبار: يحمي المكونات الداخلية من الغبار، ويحمي المكونات الداخلية.
  • غدة كابل مقاومة للتآكل: مناسبة للبيئات البحرية أو البيئات الكيميائية شديدة التآكل.

For a quick comparison, the three protection-driven families break down as follows:

FamilyIP rating as suppliedBody materialTypical applicationIndicative FOB price
مقاوم للماءIP68 — 2 m / 24 h as standard; 1.5 m / 30 min and 5 m / 72 h on requestNickel-plated brass, stainless steel 304/316, nylon PA66Outdoor, buried, marine, washdownUS$0.30–16.00 / pc
DustproofIP6X, normally combined with IP66Nickel-plated brass, stainless steelFlour, cement, powder and grain handlingUS$0.40–9.00 / pc
Corrosion resistantIP66–IP68Stainless steel 304/316, PVDFChemical, coastal and offshore installationsUS$2.00–16.00 / pc

4. By Thread Standard

Thread compatibility decides whether the gland threads cleanly into your enclosure, and a mismatched thread is one of the most common reasons an order is rejected on arrival. Three standards cover almost every B2B requirement:

Thread standardOrigin & marketMarking exampleWhere it is specified
Metric (ISO)International; ISO / IECM20 × 1.5Europe, Asia, the Middle East and most new equipment designs worldwide
PG (Panzer-Gewinde)German; legacy EuropeanPG13.5Older European-built machinery, retrofit panels and replacement orders
NPT (National Pipe Thread)American; ANSINPT 1/2″North American equipment, instrument ports and imported US machinery

PG and metric threads are not interchangeable. PG13.5 is not an M20 substitute — the outside diameters differ and the sealing face sits in a different position, so a gland that appears to thread in will still not seal. Metric, PG and NPT sizes are all produced on the same line, so the thread standard is a specification choice rather than a sourcing constraint. Confirm it against your drawing, or against the gland you are replacing, before you order.

In practice the type rarely stands alone. The same plant usually needs a nylon standard gland on a control cabinet, a shielded gland on the VFD motor feeder and a stainless steel armoured gland on the incoming supply — three different types, three different purchase channels, one bill of materials. The application scenarios below show how the environment itself dictates the type.


سيناريوهات تطبيق غدة الكابل

يعتمد اختيار غدة الكابل على بيئة التطبيق. فيما يلي بعض السيناريوهات النموذجية:

  • الأتمتة الصناعية: تتطلب غدد مقاومة للغبار ومقاومة للماء ومتينة للماكينات وخزانات التحكم.
  • النقل البحري والسكك الحديدية: تحتاج إلى غدد مقاومة للماء ومقاومة للتآكل من أجل السلامة الكهربائية.
  • التعدين والبيئات الخطرة: غدد الكابلات المقاومة للانفجار ضرورية للسلامة.
  • مراكز الاتصالات والبيانات: تعمل غدد الكابلات EMC على تقليل التداخل الكهرومغناطيسي وضمان استقرار الإشارات.
Brass cable glands installed in an industrial control assembly
Typical industrial installation — brass glands in a machine-mounted control assembly.

كيفية اختيار غدة الكابل المناسبة

يضمن اختيار غدة الكابلات المناسبة أن يكون نظامك الكهربائي أكثر أماناً وموثوقية. ضع في اعتبارك هذه العوامل الرئيسية:

  1. Cable diameter and hole size
    Measure the cable’s outer diameter (OD), not the nominal wire size, and match it to the gland’s clamping range — a seal that is too loose lets water past, one that is too tight damages the sheath. Note whether the cable is armoured or non-armoured, because the two need different gland bodies.
  2. Thread standard and size
    Confirm which thread your enclosure takes — metric, PG or NPT — and the exact size. This is the single most common cause of a rejected order, and it cannot be corrected on site.
  3. Material selection
    Match the material to the environment and to lifecycle cost: nylon PA66 for economy and insulation, nickel-plated brass for industrial strength, and stainless steel 304/316 for washdown, marine and chemical duty.
  4. Protection level
    Set the IP target from the real exposure — IP66 for outdoor weather, IP68 where immersion or washdown is possible — and add corrosion-resistant, explosion-proof or EMC construction if the site demands it.
  5. Special functions
    Specify shielding for VFD and instrumentation cables, high-temperature construction for ovens and engine bays, or a chemically resistant body for chlorine and acid duty.
  6. International standards and certifications
    Check the product against EN 50262, IEC 60529 and IEC 60079 where they apply, and confirm the paperwork your market requires: CE, RoHS, REACH, and ATEX / IECEx for hazardous areas.


Factory-Tested IP Data

A datasheet rating is only useful if it can be reproduced in production. Our in-house test bench verifies ingress protection on production samples in line with IEC 60529 and ISO 20653. The results below are sample-based and depend on the cable OD matching the gland’s clamping range and on correct tightening torque.

TestStandard basisTest conditionSampleResult
IP68 static immersionIEC 605291.5 m depth, 30 minPA66 nylon IP68 gland, M20, cable OD 10–13 mmPass — no water ingress
IP67 immersionIEC 605291 m depth, 30 min316 stainless steel, M20Pass
IP66 water jetIEC 60529100 kPa, 12.5 L/min, 3 m distanceNickel-plated brass, M25Pass
IP69K high-pressure washdownISO 2065380 °C water, 100 bar, 4 positionsHygienic 316 stainless steel glandPass

This is why the cable OD range matters as much as the IP number: an M20 gland rated IP68 still lets water in if the cable measures 8 mm while the gland’s clamping range starts at 10 mm. Send your actual cable OD and we will test and match the exact model rather than the nearest catalogue size.

Sourcing Cable Glands: OEM Inquiries, MOQ and Certifications

Once the type is settled, the buying decision comes down to tooling and branding, minimum order quantity, and paperwork.

OEM inquiries. For private-label orders we need four inputs before quoting: the gland type and thread standard (PG, metric or NPT), the cable OD range, the body marking you want laser-etched (brand, size, IP code), and the packing format — bulk bag, poly-bagged with your label, or retail blister. Custom bodies, non-standard thread lengths and colour-matched nylon (black, grey, white or a specific RAL) are tooled in-house: a new nylon mould takes 25–30 days, while laser marking on an existing mould starts with the first production run.

MOQ. Standard nickel-plated brass and nylon glands ship from 1,000 pcs per size with no tooling charge; trial orders of 100–500 pcs are available on stock sizes so you can validate the fit before committing to volume. Stainless steel and Ex-certified glands carry a 300 pcs per size MOQ because they are machined to order. Mixed containers are welcome — we build the size mix across types so one 20 ft container is filled at a single freight cost.

Certifications. Our glands are produced under ISO 9001, and the documents most buyers need ship with the first order: IP68 immersion test report, CE declaration, RoHS and REACH statements, and material certificates for brass and stainless steel. Explosion-proof models come with ATEX / IECEx certificates, and third-party inspection (SGS, TÜV, BV) can be arranged at cost. If your market needs a specific standard — EN 50262, EN 62444, UL 514B or a local approval — raise it at the inquiry stage: it changes the body design, not just the paperwork.

Send us the type, the thread and the annual volume and we will return a specification drawing, a certificate pack and an FOB quotation within one working day — contact us here.

الأسئلة الشائعة

س: كيف أقوم بتركيب غدة الكابل؟

ج: نظف الكابل، وقم بتجريد الغلاف، وأدخله في الغدة وشدّه وفقًا لتوصيات عزم الدوران الخاصة بالشركة المصنعة لضمان إحكام الإغلاق.

س: كيف يمكنني صيانة غدة الكابل؟

ج: تحقق بانتظام من عدم وجود تشققات أو ارتخاء. قم بإعادة إغلاق الأجزاء أو استبدالها حسب الحاجة.

س: ما الفرق بين غدة الكابلات المدرعة وغدة الكابلات القياسية؟

ج: صُممت غدد الكابلات المدرعة للكابلات المدرعة بالأسلاك الفولاذية، حيث تقوم بتأمين طبقة الدرع وتوفر التأريض. لا توفر الغدد القياسية هذه الميزة.

Q: What is the difference between single and double compression cable glands?

A: Single compression glands seal at one point and suit standard indoor and general environments. Double compression glands seal on both the inner and outer layer of the cable, so protection is maintained under flexing or pull — specify them for factories, power plants and other high-sealing installations.

Q: How do I choose between metric, PG and NPT threads?

A: Match the thread on your enclosure, or on the gland you are replacing. Metric (for example M20 × 1.5) is the international standard, PG is the legacy German standard still common on older European machinery, and NPT is the tapered American standard used on North American equipment. They are not interchangeable — PG13.5 is not a substitute for M20.

Q: Can I use nylon cable glands outdoors?

A: Yes, provided the nylon is UV-stabilised and the exposure is light duty. For permanent outdoor, direct-sunlight or washdown service, specify nickel-plated brass or stainless steel 304/316 instead.

Q: What cable OD range does your M20 gland actually clamp?

A: It varies by model — a typical M20 nylon IP68 gland clamps 6–12 mm, while brass and stainless steel versions differ. Send us your cable OD and we will match the exact model instead of quoting the nearest catalogue size.

Q: Do you have test reports for the IP rating you quote?

A: Yes. We provide the IP test result sheet from our in-house lab together with CE, RoHS and REACH documentation. For explosion-proof products, tell us the zone and the standard you need and we will confirm the certificate on the specific model.

Q: What is your MOQ, and can you supply samples before we order in bulk?

A: Standard nickel-plated brass and nylon glands ship from 1,000 pcs per size, with trial orders of 100–500 pcs available on stock sizes. Samples of 1–2 pcs per size can be sent against freight cost, and the sample charge is credited on your first bulk order. Stainless steel and Ex-certified glands carry a 300 pcs per size MOQ. Different sizes and types can be combined in one container.

منشورات ذات صلة

How to Choose the Right IP Rating for Cable Gland

How to Choose the Right IP Rating for Cable Gland

تلعب غدة الكابلات المقاومة للماء دورًا لا غنى عنه في المعدات الكهربائية الصناعية والتجارية الحديثة. فهي لا تحمي مداخل الكابلات من الغبار والرطوبة فحسب، بل تضمن أيضًا سلامة المعدات وإطالة عمر الخدمة. إن اختيار تصنيف IP المناسب لغدة الكابلات المقاومة للماء يمكن أن يمنع بشكل فعال الأعطال الكهربائية أو حوادث السلامة الناجمة عن البيئات القاسية. [...]

قراءة المزيد
Waterproof Cable Gland Connector Nylon Brass Stainless Steel

موصل غدة الكابل المقاوم للماء من النايلون والنحاس والفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ

استكشف موصلات غدة الكابلات المتينة المقاومة للماء مع تصنيفات IP67 وIP68 من النايلون والنحاس الأصفر والفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ لحماية الكابلات وتخفيف الضغط بشكل آمن.

قراءة المزيد